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Comparison of Lithium Battery, metal fuel cell and emergency power development advantages in the future

Lithium battery a kind of battery which is widely used in the field of non-aqueous electrolyte solution in the 1970s has more than 50 years of development history. The history of lithium batteries, 1970s. S. Whittingham made the first lithium battery by using titanium sulfide as the cathode material and lithium metal as the anode material. 1980, J. Goodenough discovered that lithium cobalt could be used as a cathode material for lithium-ion battery; the first available Lithium Ion graphite electrode was developed by Bell Labs in 1982; and the following year, M. Thackeray, J. Goodenough and others have found Manganese spinels to be excellent cathode materials; Sony launched its first commercial lithium-ion battery in 1991; and Polymer lithium-ion battery went into mass production in 1999. Magnesium battery is a kind of primary battery with magnesium as negative electrode and other metal or nonmetal oxides as positive electrode. There are many kinds of magnesium batteries. The reserved magnesium battery can be stored for more than 10 years in dry state. After adding water, it can be activated and discharged. What are the advantages of a magnesium battery over a lithium battery? The first is the storage problem. The reserved magnesium battery can be kept for a long time in dry state, its storage life can reach more than ten years, and the internal power does not decay. At the same time, the maintenance frequency of the reserved magnesium battery can be greatly reduced during storage, and its maintenance cost (manpower, material resources, time) is also much lower than that of lithium battery. Second, in terms of performance, the energy of magnesium battery is several times that of other batteries, such as lithium battery, under the premise of equal volume and weight. The utility model has the characteristics of small volume, large capacity, etc. . In addition, the compounds after the magnesium battery reaction are non-toxic, recyclable, biological and environmentally friendly, and belong to green energy, more in line with the concept of green development advocated by the state. Third, security. In the process of charging and discharging, lithium dendrites are formed due to the reduction reaction, which will eventually lead to low coulomb efficiency and even lead to short circuit inside the lithium-ion battery by piercing the diaphragm, resulting in thermal runaway of the battery and causing combustion and explosion. In contrast, magnesium batteries do not form dendrites during discharge, which may lead to short circuit or thermal runaway which may lead to fire and explosion. Fourth, regarding the cost of magnesium battery, from the raw material point of view, China is the world's largest original magnesium production country, accounting for 70% of the global market, production capacity is sufficient, the price is lower than the international market, after mass production, the cost of magnesium battery will be lower than lithium battery. To sum up, although magnesium battery is still in the early stage of development, but its future development prospects can not be underestimated, especially as a storage battery energy, lithium battery and other batteries can not be replaced.

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